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Oligo Conjugation Modifications

Small-Molecule Functional Tags

Add **bioactive small molecules** to DNA/RNA—puromycin, doxorubicin, cisplatin, folate, methotrexate, tocopherol, ferrocene, TEMPO, anthraquinone, psoralen—for
**display, delivery, sensing, and crosslinking**. Product & notes panels include nested Technical Notes.

Overview — Functional Small-Molecule Oligo Tags

Small-Molecule Functional Tags expand oligonucleotide utility beyond dyes and peptides. We custom-conjugate puromycin, doxorubicin, cisplatin, folate, methotrexate, tocopherol, ferrocene, TEMPO, anthraquinone, psoralen and more to DNA/RNA for **mRNA display**, **oligo–drug conjugates**, **targeted delivery**, **electrochemical sensing**, and **UV crosslinking**.

Bio-Synthesis provides design support (linker selection, placement), scalable synthesis (nmol→gram), and ISO-aligned QC (HPLC, ESI-MS; optional CE/SEC & functional tests). See also: Spacer & Linker • Oligo Bioconjugation • Quencher Compatibility.

Display & SelectionOligo–Drug ConjugatesElectrochemical Targeted DeliveryISO 9001/13485

Product & Notes

Hide Products and Notes
Product Description Application Code
Puromycin Aminonucleoside antibiotic; mimics aminoacyl-tRNA mRNA display / RaPID peptide–RNA fusion [Puromycin]
Doxorubicin Anthracycline intercalator chemotherapeutic Oligo–drug conjugates for targeted delivery [Dox]
Cisplatin Pt(II) DNA-binding complex Drug–oligo conjugates; DNA adduct formation [Pt-DNA]
Folate Folic acid / Vitamin B9 ligand Target folate receptor–positive cells [Folate]
Methotrexate Antimetabolite / antifolate DHFR recruitment; receptor targeting [MTX]
Tocopherol (Vit E) Hydrophobic vitamin; lipid-like conjugate Uptake enhancement; serum binding [Toco]
Ferrocene Organometallic redox reporter Electrochemical aptamer/probe sensors [Fc]
TEMPO Nitroxide spin label EPR/paramagnetic readouts, dynamics [TEMPO]
Anthraquinone Aromatic redox / PET chromophore Electron transfer; photoinduced assays [AQ]
Psoralen Photo-intercalator; UV crosslinker Trap NA–NA/NA–protein interactions [Psor]
Estradiol / Retinoic Acid / Vit D Hormone/vitamin ligands Receptor targeting; uptake studies [Ligand]
Show Technical Notes
  • Placement & Linkers: Keep bulky/drug tags near termini; use TEG/HEG/PEG to reduce sterics and preserve hybridization.
  • Puromycin: Typically 3′-attached with a flexible linker for efficient peptide transfer in mRNA display.
  • Electrochemical Tags: Ferrocene/AQ signals depend on buffer and surface; keep solutions metal-free and verify by cyclic voltammetry.
  • Tocopherol/Folate: Consider PEG spacers to balance hydrophobicity and solubility.

FAQ: Small-Molecule Functional Tags

What are small-molecule functional tags for oligonucleotides?
Low-MW ligands added to DNA/RNA to impart bioactivity or readouts—e.g., puromycin for peptide–RNA fusion, doxorubicin/cisplatin for drug conjugates, ferrocene for electrochemistry, psoralen for crosslinking.
How is puromycin used in oligo modification?
Puromycin conjugates enable mRNA display/RaPID by covalently linking the nascent peptide to its encoding RNA for library selections and discovery.
Why attach drugs like doxorubicin or cisplatin to oligos?
Oligo–drug conjugates combine sequence specificity with chemotherapeutic potency for targeted delivery and mechanistic studies.
What are redox tags (ferrocene, anthraquinone) used for?
They provide electrochemical readouts for hybridization, aptamer binding, and conformational switching in biosensors.
Can vitamins/hormones be linked to oligos?
Yes—e.g., folate for receptor targeting, tocopherol to enhance uptake/serum binding, and hormone ligands for receptor-mediated delivery.

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