End-to-end bioconjugation for proteins, antibodies, oligonucleotides & nanomaterials
Bio-Synthesis bioconjugation services span feasibility to scale-up for antibody conjugation, protein–oligo hybrids, and nanoparticle functionalization. We deploy NHS/PFP esters for amines; maleimide, iodoacetyl, and SPDP for thiols; PEG spacers to tune solubility and reach; and click chemistry—SPAAC (DBCO/BCN) and iEDDA (TCO–tetrazine)—for orthogonal, site-specific assembly. Carbonyl strategies (oxime/hydrazone) and zero-length EDC coupling expand route flexibility. Every build is polished and QC-backed with UV–Vis/DAR, LC-MS, and SEC-HPLC, ensuring consistency for diagnostics, imaging, and ADC-like prototypes.
Explore our related payload, label, and tag conjugation or site-specific conjugation platforms.
Amine-reactive (NHS/PFP/TFP), thiol-reactive (maleimide, iodoacetyl, vinyl sulfone, SPDP), carboxylate activation (EDC/sulfo-NHS), and carbonyl capture (aminooxy/hydrazide).
CuAAC (azide–alkyne), SPAAC (DBCO/BCN), and ultrafast iEDDA (tetrazine–TCO/BCN); plus oxime and SuFEx where appropriate.
Cys targeting & re-bridging, N-terminus strategies, glycan-directed aldehydes, enzymatic tags (Sortase, TGase, FGE) and orthogonal handles.
Preferred: general dye/biotin labeling, surface coupling, installing azide/ DBCO/TCO.
Preferred: antibody Cys labeling, disulfide re-bridging, enzyme conjugation.
Recommend: Homobifunctional sulfo-NHS crosslinkers for Lys↔Lys (water-soluble), or heterobifunctional NHS–maleimide for Lys→Cys targeting; EDC for zero-length Asp/Glu↔Lys proximity links.
Recommend: Maleimide-PEG for Cys labeling; choose disulfide or dipeptide/self-immolative linkers for controlled release; consider oxime/hydrazone for acid-labile designs.
Recommend: SPAAC (DBCO/BCN↔azide) or iEDDA (tetrazine↔TCO) — fast, copper-free; avoid CuAAC when copper-sensitive.
Recommend: EDC/sulfo-NHS to couple to carboxylated surfaces; or amine-functional surfaces with NHS-activated payloads; use PEG spacers to reduce steric hindrance.
Recommend: Install azide on the protein (NHS-azide) and click with DBCO-oligo (SPAAC), or use maleimide for thiol-modified oligos.
Recommend: Thiol-to-gold coatings plus NHS handles for protein attachment; consider PEG spacers to minimize aggregation and nonspecific binding.
SPAAC reacts azides with strained cyclooctynes (DBCO/BCN) without copper; iEDDA couples tetrazines with TCO/BCN at even faster rates, helpful for live-cell or rapid labeling.
Maleimide gives a stable thioether; SPDP forms a reducible disulfide useful for cleavable linkages or reversible capture (monitor 343 nm release).
Use PBS/HEPES around pH 7.5–8.5 and avoid primary amines (Tris/glycine) during coupling.
We report average DAR/DoL from UV–Vis and LC-MS when applicable; SEC-HPLC monitors aggregation and CE-SDS monitors integrity.
Use SPAAC (azide↔DBCO/BCN) for copper-free labeling with broad compatibility. Choose iEDDA (tetrazine↔TCO) when you need the fastest kinetics and ultra-short incubation times.
Yes, especially with high-strain cyclooctynes (e.g., DBCO). Buffers, pH, and temperature can shift SPAAC rates; optimize for your matrix and dwell time.
Maleimide: fast, Cys-selective thioethers. Iodoacetyl: tougher matrices but less selective; choose by pH, nucleophiles, and stability needs.
Carboxylates to primary amines (amide) with no spacer; buffer choice & timing matter due to short-lived intermediates.
Reduce aggregation/non-specific binding, improve solubility, and increase accessibility; PEG2–PEG48 tunes reach & hydrophilicity.
Yes. Common: install an azide via NHS chemistry, then SPAAC with a DBCO payload. For ultra-fast 2-step builds, use tetrazine↔TCO iEDDA pairs.
NHS/PFP: HEPES or PBS, pH ~7.5–8.5 (no primary amines). Maleimide: pH ~6.5–7.2, remove excess thiols. SPAAC/iEDDA: generally tolerant; still optimize.
Yes—Cys re-bridging, glycan-to-aldehyde routes, N-terminus targeting, and enzymatic tags (Sortase, TGase, FGE).
Sample/buffer, sequence, concentration/A280, desired handle (azide/DBCO/TCO/tetrazine/maleimide), target DoL/DAR, PEG length, copper sensitivity.
Cleavables (disulfide, acid-labile hydrazones, dipeptide/self-immolative, photo-labile) enable triggered release; non-cleavables maximize durability.
Yes—run with biocompatible ligands and copper removal. For copper-sensitive systems, prefer SPAAC/iEDDA.
Ship cold (4 °C) for short transits or on dry ice for frozen material; avoid repeated freeze–thaw. Use PBS/HEPES (no Tris/glycine during NHS steps), note any reductants/chelators/preservatives, and include concentration (A280), buffer composition, and desired handle/DAR. Pack leak-proof tubes with secondary containment.
Share your target, linker chemistry, payload, and QC needs. We’ll scope the route (NHS/PFP, maleimide/SPDP, PEG spacers, SPAAC/iEDDA, oxime/hydrazone, EDC) and return a quote with recommended controls and analytics (UV–Vis/DAR, LC-MS, SEC-HPLC).
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