Application-Based Bioconjugate Services

RNA interference (RNAi) bioconjugates couple siRNA, miRNA, and antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) with ligands, peptides, antibodies, or polymers to deliver sequences to defined tissues and cell types. These constructs support gene silencing in metabolic disease, oncology, cardiovascular, and rare disease programs.

Technical Notes — Nucleic Acid Tools & Delivery

RNA Chemistry

• Choose 5′ or 3′ attachment sites that preserve RNAi activity and RISC loading.
• Use 2′-OMe, 2′-F, and phosphorothioate patterns to balance potency and stability.
• Consider charge-shielding and hydrophilic spacers to improve uptake and solubility.

Targeting & Release

• Use cleavable linkers for intracellular release in endosomes or cytosol.
• Optimize ligand valency (e.g., tri-GalNAc) to receptor density and internalization.
• Profile uptake, trafficking, and silencing in relevant cell lines and in vivo models.

Antibody–Drug Conjugates (ADCs) and related drug-targeted bioconjugates use antibodies, peptides, or proteins to deliver potent payloads to specific cells. Application-based ADC work focuses on target biology, payload class, linker, and DAR to balance efficacy and safety for oncology and immune-modulation programs.

Technical Notes — ADC & Drug-Targeted Constructs

Conjugation Strategy

• Align carrier format (IgG, Fab, peptide) with accessible lysine/cysteine sites.
• Use partial reduction or engineered sites to gain control over DAR.
• Optimize buffer systems and reduction conditions to limit aggregation.
• Confirm DAR, species distribution, and aggregation by LC-MS/SEC.

Function & Readouts

• Maintain affinity and specificity while increasing potency.
• Correlate in vitro binding and killing with in vivo exposure and response.
• Use imaging-conjugates as a lower-risk proxy for ADC biodistribution.

Imaging bioconjugates attach fluorophores, chelators, or radiolabels to targeting carriers such as antibodies, peptides, proteins, or oligonucleotides. These constructs support optical, PET/SPECT, or hybrid imaging as well as in vitro diagnostics, companion diagnostics, and biodistribution studies.

Biosensor and assay bioconjugates immobilize or label biological recognition elements for electrochemical, optical, and affinity-based detection. These constructs are core to diagnostic kits, OEM reagents, and analytical method development.

Protein and enzyme bioconjugates tune stability, pharmacokinetics, and function through PEGylation, polymer attachment, site-specific labeling, and prodrug strategies. These tools support industrial biocatalysis, therapeutic protein optimization, and mechanistic studies.

Smart bioconjugates incorporate pH-sensitive, enzyme-cleavable, redox-responsive, photo-triggered, or thermo-responsive linkers that activate or release payloads only under specific biological conditions. These architectures are used for precision drug delivery, controlled imaging activation, and environment-dependent functional switching.

Technical Notes — Smart & Stimuli-Responsive Systems

Mechanistic Tuning

• Select trigger sensitivity based on biological environment (tumor pH, GSH levels, enzyme abundance).
• Use degradable or reversible linkers to control release kinetics.
• Ensure linker stability during storage and circulation.

Design Considerations

• Balance stability vs reactivity to avoid premature release.
• Match payload properties to linker-trigger mechanisms.
• Validate activation profiles using in vitro/in vivo trigger models.