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Protein–Enzyme Conjugation Services

High-sensitivity, low-background protein–enzyme conjugates and antibody HRP conjugation services — including antibody–HRP/AP, streptavidin–HRP, peptide–enzyme, and nanoparticle–enzyme formats — engineered with controlled enzyme loading, preserved binding affinity, and full analytics by Bio-Synthesis.

Speak to a Scientist Overview Applications
Enzyme Labels for ELISA, IHC, WB HRP · AP · Luciferase · β-Gal Custom & OEM / Kit Support Texas, USA
Overview Enzymes Conjugation Formats Chemistries Applications Quality & Analytics Speak to a Scientist Recommended Reading

peptide conjugation Overview

Protein–enzyme conjugates are engineered constructs where an enzyme label is covalently attached to a protein scaffold such as an antibody, peptide, serum protein, or nanoparticle. These conjugates power immunoassays, IHC, Western blots, flow cytometry, biosensors, and imaging with catalytic signal amplification and very low detection limits.

Bio-Synthesis designs and manufactures custom conjugates using horseradish peroxidase (HRP), alkaline phosphatase (AP), β-galactosidase, luciferase, and other enzymes, with careful control of enzyme-to-protein (E:P) ratio, aggregation, and activity preservation.

Protein / Carrier
Antibody · Streptavidin · Peptide · BSA/KLH · Nanoparticle
Conjugation Chemistry
NHS · Maleimide · Click · Aldehyde
Enzyme Label
HRP · AP · β-Gal · Luciferase · GOx
Immunoassay & IHC Reagents

Antibody–HRP/AP and streptavidin–HRP conjugates optimized for ELISA, Western blot, and IHC/IF detection.

Diagnostics & Biosensors

Enzyme-labeled proteins and nanoparticles for chemiluminescent, colorimetric, and electrochemical readouts.

Documentation & Scale

Process descriptions, CoAs, and optional tech transfer for diagnostic kit and OEM programs.

Protein–enzyme conjugation can be combined with broader bioconjugation and carrier delivery platforms from Bio-Synthesis.

Enzyme Labels for Conjugation

Colorimetric & Chemiluminescent Enzymes
  • Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) – workhorse for ELISA, Western blot, IHC.
  • Alkaline Phosphatase (AP) – robust signal, tolerant of many buffers.
  • β-Galactosidase – high turnover for reporter and immunoassays.
  • Glucose Oxidase (GOx) – electrochemical biosensors and coupled systems.
  • Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) – specific metabolic and cell-based assays.
Fluorescent & Oxidoreductase Enzymes
  • Luciferase (Firefly, Renilla) – ultra-sensitive bioluminescent detection.
  • Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) – fusion tags and binding-based assays.
  • SOD / Catalase – ROS signaling and oxidative stress studies.

Additional or customer-supplied enzymes can be evaluated on a feasibility basis.

Protein–Enzyme Conjugation Formats

Our custom antibody enzyme conjugation services cover HRP-labeled antibodies, AP-labeled antibodies, enzyme-labeled streptavidin, carrier protein–enzyme conjugates (such as BSA–HRP) and nanoparticle enzyme conjugation for biosensors. These protein–enzyme conjugation services are optimized for ELISA, IHC, Western blot and other diagnostic applications.

Core Conjugate Types
  • Antibody–Enzyme Conjugates for ELISA, Western blot, IHC, IF, and flow cytometry.
  • Streptavidin–Enzyme (HRP/AP) for biotin-based detection workflows.
  • Peptide–Enzyme Conjugates for targeted probes and activity-based readouts.
  • Carrier Protein–Enzyme (BSA, OVA, KLH) for immunogens and calibrators.
  • Nanoparticle–Enzyme Conjugates (gold, magnetic beads) for enhanced sensitivity.
Typical Use Scenarios
  • High-sensitivity sandwich and competitive ELISAs.
  • Chromogenic and chemiluminescent Western blot detection.
  • IHC/IF panel development for tissue and cell imaging.
  • Biosensors, point-of-care cartridges, and flow formats.
  • Prototype or OEM diagnostic reagent development.

Antibody & Streptavidin Conjugates
  • Maintain Fc and antigen binding by avoiding over-modification of critical residues.
  • Use controlled or site-biased conjugation to reduce heterogeneity where required.
  • Balance E:P ratio for maximum signal without excessive background.
Carrier & Nanoparticle Formats
  • Tune surface density on nanoparticles to preserve activity and prevent aggregation.
  • Match buffer and stabilizers to both enzyme and carrier requirements.
  • Include blocking and storage conditions aligned with final assay use.

Conjugation Chemistries

Amine & Thiol Strategies
  • Amine-Directed (NHS/EDC) — targets lysine and N-terminal amines for HRP/AP, BSA, and antibody conjugates.
  • Thiol-Based (Maleimide–Cysteine) — selective reaction with reduced or engineered cysteines.
  • Allows robust coupling under mild, aqueous conditions.
Click & Aldehyde Strategies
  • Click Chemistry (Azide–Alkyne, SPAAC) — copper-free where needed to protect enzyme activity.
  • Aldehyde-Mediated (Periodate Oxidation) — oxidation of enzyme carbohydrate moieties (e.g., HRP) for directional coupling.
  • Supports modular architectures and oriented attachment.

Protein
Sequence, format (mAb, Fab, scFv, peptide, carrier), and critical binding regions.
Enzyme
Label choice (HRP, AP, etc.), glycosylation, and known sensitivity to conditions.
Chemistry
Choose amine, thiol, click, or aldehyde-based coupling based on site control and stability needs.
Assay
Target signal type, background limits, and regulatory/kit constraints.

Applications of Protein–Enzyme Conjugates

Immunoassays
  • Sandwich and competitive ELISA detection reagents.
  • Calibrators and controls with defined E:P ratios.
  • Multiplexed panels using different enzyme/substrate systems.
Blotting & Imaging
  • Western blot antibodies for chromogenic or chemiluminescent detection.
  • IHC/IF reagents for tissue and cell staining.
  • Enhanced signal for low-abundance targets.
Flow & Biosensors
  • Enzyme-labeled ligands and proteins for flow cytometry.
  • Surface and bead-based biosensor formats.
  • Electrochemical and optical readout platforms.

A set of antibodies was conjugated to HRP with varying E:P ratios to support both ELISA and Western blot formats. Conjugates were evaluated for binding retention, background, and signal window across multiple substrates.

  • Binding maintained at >90% of parental antibody for selected conditions.
  • Optimized E:P ratios provided strong signal with minimal non-specific background.
  • SEC-HPLC and SDS-PAGE used to confirm aggregation control and conjugate integrity.

Design, Quality & Analytics

Design & Performance
  • Preserve enzyme catalytic activity using mild, optimized conditions.
  • Maintain protein binding affinity and structural integrity.
  • Control E:P ratio for desired signal and background profile.
  • Match buffers and stabilizers to assay and storage requirements.
Purification & QC
  • Purification via SEC, HIC, or affinity to remove free enzyme and protein.
  • Identity and purity by SDS-PAGE, HPLC/UPLC, and UV–Vis analysis.
  • Activity assays for enzyme performance and binding assays for protein function.
  • Documentation and CoAs aligned with diagnostic kit/OEM expectations.

Protein
Identity, format (mAb, Fab, scFv, peptide, carrier), concentration, buffer, and any known stability limits.
Enzyme
Preferred label (HRP, AP, β-Gal, luciferase, etc.) and whether Bio-Synthesis or client supplies it.
Goals
Intended application (ELISA, IHC, WB, biosensor), desired E:P ratio, and performance metrics.
Specifications
Lot size, QC requirements, documentation level (R&D vs kit/OEM), and shipping/storage conditions.

FAQ

What is antibody–HRP conjugation and when is it used?

Antibody–HRP conjugation links horseradish peroxidase (HRP) to an antibody for use in ELISA, Western blot, IHC, and chemiluminescent detection. We control the HRP loading and maintain antibody binding to ensure high signal and low background.

Do you offer custom antibody enzyme conjugation services?

Yes. We perform custom antibody enzyme conjugation using HRP, AP, β-galactosidase, luciferase, or client-supplied enzymes. Each project is optimized based on your assay (ELISA, IHC, WB, flow) and required E:P ratio.

What proteins can be used for protein–enzyme conjugation?

We conjugate full-length IgGs, antibody fragments (Fab, scFv, nanobodies), streptavidin, avidin, peptides, BSA, KLH, OVA, and nanoparticles such as gold or magnetic beads. If you have a unique protein, we can evaluate feasibility.

Do you support streptavidin–HRP conjugation?

Yes. Streptavidin–HRP conjugation is one of our most common services. These conjugates are widely used in biotin-based ELISA systems, Western blots, amplification workflows, and kit manufacturing.

How do you control enzyme-to-protein (E:P) ratio during conjugation?

We adjust reaction stoichiometry, chemistry type (NHS, maleimide, click, aldehyde), and process timing to target a specific E:P ratio. Final conjugation levels are verified using UV–Vis, SDS-PAGE, and SEC-HPLC.

Can clients supply their own antibody or enzyme for conjugation?

Yes. Many customers provide their own antibodies, peptides, enzymes, or proprietary proteins. Before starting, we review buffer composition, stabilizers, concentration, and any known stability limitations.

What QC data do you provide with enzyme-labeled antibodies?

QC packages typically include purity (SDS-PAGE, HPLC/UPLC), conjugation ratio estimates, enzyme activity tests, and (when needed) antigen-binding verification. Expanded OEM/kit documentation is also available.

What information is needed to request a protein–enzyme conjugation quote?

Please provide your protein type, desired enzyme label (HRP, AP, β-gal, etc.), intended application, lot size, buffer details, and any specific performance or QC requirements. This allows us to determine the best conjugation strategy and provide an accurate quote.

Do you offer OEM or diagnostic kit manufacturing support?

Yes. We support OEM and diagnostic kit programs requiring lot-to-lot consistency, enhanced QC, batch records, and documentation suitable for regulated environments. We can also prepare multi-lot validation material upon request.

How do I get started with a custom enzyme labeling project?

Simply submit your protein/enzyme details through our contact form below. A scientist will review your application, recommend the appropriate conjugation chemistry, and provide a project plan and quote.

Contact

Speak to a Protein–Enzyme Conjugation Scientist

Share your protein, enzyme label, application, and target performance metrics. We will recommend a conjugation route, linker strategy, and QC package, then provide a project quote.

Request a Quote Feasibility Review OEM / Kit Partner Sample Submission
Email: sales@biosyn.com
Phone: +1-972-420-8505
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Email *
Company / Institution *
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Protein type *
Enzyme label
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Recommended Reading & Bio-Synthesis Resources

  • Hermanson, G. T. (2013). Bioconjugate Techniques, 3rd Ed. Academic Press — Reference for protein–enzyme bioconjugation and amine/thiol/click coupling strategies.
  • J. Immunol. Methods & Anal. Biochem. — Articles on optimization of antibody–HRP and antibody–AP ELISA reagents and Western blot detection systems.
  • Biosensor & Bioelectronics. — Selected papers on enzyme-labeled biosensors and nanoparticle–enzyme conjugates.
  • Bio-Synthesis, Inc. — Application notes, technical bulletins, and white papers on custom protein–enzyme conjugation, available from Bio-Synthesis upon request or via the company website.

Why Choose Bio-Synthesis

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Greetings Researchers,

Please be advised that any information, guidelines, writeups, and oral/video/graphic content on our website are intended solely as general guidelines.
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their designs to Biosynthesis for review of production feasibility.
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